Drawing on Lebanese government, UN, and humanitarian data, this report analyses the human consequences of Israels attacks on Lebanon from October 2023 to June 2026, documenting escalating civilian harm, mass displacement, repeated attacks on health infrastructure, and persistent uncertainty regarding combatant casualty claims.

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the Hamas attack in Israel on October 7, 2023, examining the strategic impact, demographic patterns of casualties, and broader implications for the Israel-Hamas conflict.