The recent attacks in Lebanon, part of Israel’s Operation Northern Arrow, involved a complex network of companies and communications devices, marking the most significant escalation in the Israel-Hezbollah conflict since 2006.

Over the past 72 hours, over 1,600 Israeli strikes across Lebanon have killed at least 558 civilians, including children and women, prompting Action on Armed Violence (AOAV) to call for an independent investigation into violations of international humanitarian law, particularly regarding the use of indiscriminate violence in populated areas.